![]() ![]() A wider European study of older children also found prevalence of asthma and chronic cough was higher in damp homes. Another UK study found that visible mould was significantly associated with an increased risk of wheezing illness among children aged 9-11 years. For example, one review found that children in homes with damp and/or mould are two and a half times more likely to have coughs or wheezes than children in “dry” homes. Some studies and reviews from the UK and elsewhere have reported an association between dampness, moisture and mould and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among children of all ages. Other groups of children are also vulnerable to environmental conditions within the home, especially children with asthma or related conditions, and small, immature or pre-term infants.ĭampness includes the presence of water damage, damp stains, visible mould and condensation. This is especially the case for young children, who can spend 90% of their time in the home. A person’s physical environment affects their health and well-being. These statistics have major implications. A survey based on the 2001 census has also found that more than half a million families in the UK live in officially overcrowded housing. Moreover, more than one million houses in England are considered “unfit to live in”. Reports from housing charity Shelter have found that more than one million children in England are living in “damp, cold, infested” housing. Policy from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) has, however, defined acceptable conditions as “homes that are warm and weatherproof with reasonably modern facilities”. There is no widely accepted definition of what constitutes sub-standard, inadequate or non-decent housing. However, less is known about how ongoing environmental housing conditions affect children’s health. June 28, 2022.A lot has been written about how social housing conditions such as neighbourhood crime and community cohesion can affect the well-being of children and families. In: Core Knowledge in Orthopaedics: Foot and Ankle. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. ![]() Forefoot and midfoot pain in the active child or skeletally immature adolescent: Overview of causes. Overview of foot anatomy and biomechanics and assessment of foot pain in adults. ![]()
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